Plant Soil Interactions

Soils are highly diverse. A hand full of soil contains billions of bacteria and tens of thousands taxa of bacteria, fungi and other soil biota. In other words, microbes represent the unseen majority of life on Earth. The significance of soil microbial diversity for plants and for the functioning of agricultural and natural ecosystems is still poorly understood. In our work we investigate how changes in soil microbial biodiversity and land use impact plants and ecosystem functioning. Specific attention is given to one of the oldest and most widespread symbiosis on the Earth, the symbiosis between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. We investigate effects of AM fungi and AM fungal diversity on plant growth, nutrient cycling and ecosystem sustainability. Our results demonstrate that soil microbial communities enhance the sustainability of agro-ecosystems by promoting plant nutrient uptake and reducing nutrient losses. Our recent results revealed that the loss of soil biodiversity impairs ecosystem functioning and reduces ecosystem multifunctionality.

• Crop yield, weed cover and ecosystem multifunctionality are not affected by the duration of organic management
  Herzog, Chantal; Honegger, Adrian; Hegglin, Django; Wittwer, Raphael; de Ferron, Anne; et al.
  Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,  DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2019.106596, Published: NOV 15 2019
• Fungal-bacterial diversity and microbiome complexity predict ecosystem functioning
  Wagg, Cameron; Schlaeppi, Klaus; Banerjee, Samiran; Kuramae, Eiko E.; van der Heijden, Marcel G. A.
  Nature Communications,  DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12798-y, OCT 24 2019
• Comparable bacterial-mediated nitrogen supply and losses under organic reduced tillage and conventional intensive tillage
  Puerta, Viviana Loaiza; Six, Johan; Wittwer, Raphael; van der Heijden, Marcel; Pereira, Engil Isadora Pujol
  European Journal Of Soil Biology,  DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2019.103121, NOV-DEC 2019
• Potential of indicators to unveil the hidden side of cropping system classification: Differences and similarities in cropping practices between conventional, no-till and organic systems
  Buchi, L; Georges, F; Walder, F; Banerjee, S; Keller, T; Six, J; van der Heijden, M; Charles, R
  EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY, 109 10.1016/j.eja.2019.125920 SEP 2019
• Drought modulates interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity and barley genotype diversity
  Sendek, A; Karakoc, C; Wagg, C; Dominguez-Begines, J; do Couto, GM; van der Heijden, MGA; Naz, AA; Lochner, A; Chatzinotas, A; Klotz, S; Gomez-Aparicio, L; Eisenhauer, N
  SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 9 10.1038/s41598-019-45702-1 JUL 4 2019
• Agricultural intensification reduces microbial network complexity and the abundance of keystone taxa in roots
  Banerjee, S; Walder, F; Buchi, L; Meyer, M; Held, AY; Gattinger, A; Keller, T; Charles, R; van der Heijden, MGA
  ISME JOURNAL, 13 (7):1722-1736; 10.1038/s41396-019-0383-2 JUL 2019
• Molecular dialogue between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the nonhost plant Arabidopsis thaliana switches from initial detection to antagonism
  Fernandez, I; Cosme, M; Stringlis, IA; Yu, K; de Jong, R; van Wees, SCM; Pozo, MJ; Pieterse, CMJ; van der Heijden, MGA
  NEW PHYTOLOGIST, 223 (2):867-881; 10.1111/nph.15798 JUL 2019
• Establishment success and crop growth effects of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculated into Swiss corn fields
  Bender, SF; Schlaeppi, K; Held, A; Van der Heijden, MGA
  AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 273 13-24; 10.1016/j.agee.2018.12.003 MAR 1 2019
• Why farmers should manage the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis
  Rillig, MC; Aguilar-Trigueros, CA; Camenzind, T; Cavagnaro, TR; Degrune, F; Hohmann, P; Lammel, DR; Mansour, I; Roy, J; van der Heijden, MGA; Yang, GW
  NEW PHYTOLOGIST, 222 (3):1171-1175; 10.1111/nph.15602 MAY 2019
• On-farm study reveals positive relationship between gas transport capacity and organic carbon content in arable soil
  Colombi, T; Walder, F; Buchi, L; Sommer, M; Liu, KX; Six, J; van der Heijden, MGA; Charles, R; Keller, T
  SOIL, 5 (1):91-105; 10.5194/soil-5-91-2019 MAR 19 2019
• Reply to 'Can we predict microbial keystones?'
  Banerjee, S; Schlaeppi, K; van der Heijden, MGA
  NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY, 17 (3):194-194; 10.1038/s41579-018-0133-x MAR 2019
• The impact of long-term organic farming on soil-derived greenhouse gas emissions
  Skinner, C; Gattinger, A; Krauss, M; Krause, HM; Mayer, J; van der Heijden, MGA; Mader, P
  SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 9 10.1038/s41598-018-38207-w FEB 8 2019
• Conservation tillage and organic farming reduce soil erosion
  Seitz, S; Goebes, P; Puerta, VL; Pereira, EIP; Wittwer, R; Six, J; van der Heijden, MGA; Scholten, T
  AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, 39 (1):10.1007/s13593-018-0545-z FEB 2019

• Soil biodiversity and ecosystem functioning
• Mycorrhizal ecology
• Ecosystem sustainability 
• Microbial control of nutrient cycling and plant nutrient uptake

• Ecosystem ecology and ecosystem multifunctionality
• Molecular cross-talk between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
• Plant-microbe interactions
• Responses of plants and soil organisms to agricultural management and environmental change